Key Elements & Checklist
Key Elements & Checklist
Key Elements:
Narrative > A music video that follows a storyline. Linear narrative follows a structure of beginning, middle and end like 'Thinking of You - Katy Perry'. A fragmented narrative is one that doesn't follow a storyline but depicts lyrics from the song.
Performative > They focus on the artist or the band. There is no storyline but a collection of camera angles and movements. 'Love on Top - Beyonce' is the perfect depiction of this.
Mixture > Some videos use a combination one both styles which is the style my one will follow. The artist is featured within the video with the narrative elements acting as a form of 'B-roll'. This can be seen in 'Since You Been Gone - Kelly Clarkson'.
The various different camera shots should be used to create variety and express character's thoughts and feelings further. The camera never stays on one shot fo longer than 3-5 seconds which will be important to remember when it comes to editing. These are the ones typically used:
Long shot > Useful for establishing the location or to show the artist/character being small in terms of their location.
Wide shot > To show the artist/character at the forefront with the location and setting still visible behind them.
Mid shot > Show artist/character from the waist up but at the same time demonstrates them in relation to their surroundings.
Close up shot > This shows the entirety of the artists/character's face or an object.
Extreme close up shot > Useful for showing specific facial feature like the eyes or lips.
Angles are used to convey different images like the relationship between two different people and be inferred in the distance between them which can be emphasised with certain angles. Ones used are:
Eye-level > Allows the audience to look at the artist/character eye-to-eye or could be like looking at the world from their perspective.
High angle > Show the artist/character from above and connote several things like inferiority or oppression. They can look less powerful and potentially submissive.
Low angle > Looks up at the artist/character and provide the appearance of being more dominant and powerful.
Bird's eye > This is looking from directly above. It's an unnatural point of view for humans and adds dramatic effect. It would be good for a running scene through the woods and could be achieved with a drone.
Others include a dutch tilt and POV shot.
The camera movements used follow the artist/character and are used differently whether it is narrative or performative. Examples are:
Panning > The camera scans the scene horizontally on a tripod which is the axis on which the camera rotates. It is often used to follow a moving object and allow it to remain in the centre of the frame.
Tracking/Dolly > The camera is mounted onto a cart and then travels along providing a very smooth motion to emphasise movement.
Others include a handicam.
Editing Techniques:
Jump cuts > Extra shots like close-ups to transition from one scene to the next. Can also reinforce an action of lyric of the song.
Parallel editing > Cutting between a few scenes or stories that are happening at the same time.
Sound editing > Timing the music video with the song and cutting it so it fits. Could cut it in time with beat which would be effective. Can also add diegetic sound like birds, police sirens or talking at the beginning.
Colourising > Creating a certain mood or vibe to the video but altering the colours. Warm toned or cool toned connote different things so is effective and one of the vides=os Ia analysed used this technique.
Others techniques include, fade to/from black, wipe, time compression and expansion, dissolve, swish pan as well as cutting rate and cut on action.
Mise-en-scene: Lighting, props, costume, colour, location
The lighting used allows the audience to recognise not only the genre and style of the video but also the tone of it. Artificial studio lighting would be associated with a mainstream, highly-produced pop music video and natural lighting has connotations of perhaps something more low-budget and country style music videos. Lighting can also be effective in portraying the time of day as well as demonstrating time passing within the video. It is useful to have the lighting source from behind the camera to illuminate the artist/character's face but at the same time back lighting can create a certain mood. In my video I'd like to use the streetlights or lights of a skyline in the background at night and have them out of focus as I think it draws attention to the person whilst allowing the audience to notice the urban setting they're in.
Props can link the lyrics to the video and allow for the progression of the narrative. They have the ability to add entertainment value for example, Bob Dylan's use of cards with lyrics on in his video 'Subterranean Homesick Blues'.
Costumes are used to represent different characters in particular ways and allows the audience to infer things about the characters in the video which is in important as the story is only told through the visual image created.
The use of colour can also be very effective in terms of influencing the audience's relationship. It can connote tension or harmony within the scene and the desaturating or over lighting means two entirely different messages are being said. The combination between the two would be successful if it is a retrospective video.
Location is important when it comes to genre as different places suit different music styles. Places like the beach or at a festival suggest an uplifting song due to their positive associations.
Checklist:
- Range of camera shots; shot type, distance, angles, length and movement
- Editing appropriate to the genre, well-paced, editing to the beat, lip synching, interpretation of lyrics through performance and narrative
- Appropriate titles and text to introduce the artist and the title of the song
- Two different settings (or different mise-en-scene/lighting)
- Two characters representing two different social groups, sophisticated representations of individuals
- Intertextuality
- Genre conventions like narrative, disruption, equilibrium, performance, repetition and montage
- Visual codes: mise-en-scene, setting/location, costume, props and makeup
- Technical codes: camera angles, lighting
- Clear concept and interpretation of the song
- Fully engaging
- Promotes identity of the artist
- Potential use of Foley
Narrative > A music video that follows a storyline. Linear narrative follows a structure of beginning, middle and end like 'Thinking of You - Katy Perry'. A fragmented narrative is one that doesn't follow a storyline but depicts lyrics from the song.
Performative > They focus on the artist or the band. There is no storyline but a collection of camera angles and movements. 'Love on Top - Beyonce' is the perfect depiction of this.
Mixture > Some videos use a combination one both styles which is the style my one will follow. The artist is featured within the video with the narrative elements acting as a form of 'B-roll'. This can be seen in 'Since You Been Gone - Kelly Clarkson'.
The various different camera shots should be used to create variety and express character's thoughts and feelings further. The camera never stays on one shot fo longer than 3-5 seconds which will be important to remember when it comes to editing. These are the ones typically used:
Long shot > Useful for establishing the location or to show the artist/character being small in terms of their location.
Wide shot > To show the artist/character at the forefront with the location and setting still visible behind them.
Mid shot > Show artist/character from the waist up but at the same time demonstrates them in relation to their surroundings.
Close up shot > This shows the entirety of the artists/character's face or an object.
Extreme close up shot > Useful for showing specific facial feature like the eyes or lips.
Angles are used to convey different images like the relationship between two different people and be inferred in the distance between them which can be emphasised with certain angles. Ones used are:
Eye-level > Allows the audience to look at the artist/character eye-to-eye or could be like looking at the world from their perspective.
High angle > Show the artist/character from above and connote several things like inferiority or oppression. They can look less powerful and potentially submissive.
Low angle > Looks up at the artist/character and provide the appearance of being more dominant and powerful.
Bird's eye > This is looking from directly above. It's an unnatural point of view for humans and adds dramatic effect. It would be good for a running scene through the woods and could be achieved with a drone.
Others include a dutch tilt and POV shot.
The camera movements used follow the artist/character and are used differently whether it is narrative or performative. Examples are:
Panning > The camera scans the scene horizontally on a tripod which is the axis on which the camera rotates. It is often used to follow a moving object and allow it to remain in the centre of the frame.
Tracking/Dolly > The camera is mounted onto a cart and then travels along providing a very smooth motion to emphasise movement.
Others include a handicam.
Editing Techniques:
Jump cuts > Extra shots like close-ups to transition from one scene to the next. Can also reinforce an action of lyric of the song.
Parallel editing > Cutting between a few scenes or stories that are happening at the same time.
Sound editing > Timing the music video with the song and cutting it so it fits. Could cut it in time with beat which would be effective. Can also add diegetic sound like birds, police sirens or talking at the beginning.
Colourising > Creating a certain mood or vibe to the video but altering the colours. Warm toned or cool toned connote different things so is effective and one of the vides=os Ia analysed used this technique.
Others techniques include, fade to/from black, wipe, time compression and expansion, dissolve, swish pan as well as cutting rate and cut on action.
Mise-en-scene: Lighting, props, costume, colour, location
The lighting used allows the audience to recognise not only the genre and style of the video but also the tone of it. Artificial studio lighting would be associated with a mainstream, highly-produced pop music video and natural lighting has connotations of perhaps something more low-budget and country style music videos. Lighting can also be effective in portraying the time of day as well as demonstrating time passing within the video. It is useful to have the lighting source from behind the camera to illuminate the artist/character's face but at the same time back lighting can create a certain mood. In my video I'd like to use the streetlights or lights of a skyline in the background at night and have them out of focus as I think it draws attention to the person whilst allowing the audience to notice the urban setting they're in.
Props can link the lyrics to the video and allow for the progression of the narrative. They have the ability to add entertainment value for example, Bob Dylan's use of cards with lyrics on in his video 'Subterranean Homesick Blues'.
Costumes are used to represent different characters in particular ways and allows the audience to infer things about the characters in the video which is in important as the story is only told through the visual image created.
The use of colour can also be very effective in terms of influencing the audience's relationship. It can connote tension or harmony within the scene and the desaturating or over lighting means two entirely different messages are being said. The combination between the two would be successful if it is a retrospective video.
Location is important when it comes to genre as different places suit different music styles. Places like the beach or at a festival suggest an uplifting song due to their positive associations.
Checklist:
- Range of camera shots; shot type, distance, angles, length and movement
- Editing appropriate to the genre, well-paced, editing to the beat, lip synching, interpretation of lyrics through performance and narrative
- Appropriate titles and text to introduce the artist and the title of the song
- Two different settings (or different mise-en-scene/lighting)
- Two characters representing two different social groups, sophisticated representations of individuals
- Intertextuality
- Genre conventions like narrative, disruption, equilibrium, performance, repetition and montage
- Visual codes: mise-en-scene, setting/location, costume, props and makeup
- Technical codes: camera angles, lighting
- Clear concept and interpretation of the song
- Fully engaging
- Promotes identity of the artist
- Potential use of Foley
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